Set III, 4
BUILDING COMPLEX SENTENCES
ADVERBIAL CLAUSES RELATIVE CLAUSES
When there is a relationship, you can join related ideas
of time, place, cause, which refer to each other by
condition, etc. between two, using any of the following
ideas, you can join them by words to begin a relative clause:
using adverbial clauses. To
make an adverbial clause, you
can add any of these words to
the beginning of one of the
clauses:
AFTER SINCE WHO
ALTHOUGH THOUGH WHOM
AS WHEN WHOSE
AS IF WHERE WHICH
BECAUSE WHILE THAT
BEFORE UNLESS
IF UNTIL
[My grandfather] is eighty years
/ old.
/
[He]/ collects stamps.
My grandfather, who is eighty years
old, collects stamps.
examples: After finals are over, (PUNCTUATION HINT: Non-
I will look for a job. restrictive clauses are
relative clauses which can
OR be taken out of the
sentence without changing
I will look for a job the basic meaning. Set
after finals are over. these clauses off with
commas:
(PUNCTUATION HINT: Use a comma
AFTER an adverbial clause do My bike, which is a
not use a comma BEFORE an Schwinn, was a birthday
adverbial clause.) present.
DO NOT set off restrictive
clauses with commas:
Apples which are green
are sour.
